Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

What is solitary rectal ulcer syndrome?

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare condition characterized by straining during bowel movements, a feeling of incomplete evacuation and sometimes the appearance of blood and mucus through the rectum. It is caused by a local ischemic injury or prolapse of the distal rectal mucosa.

Causes:

• Rectal prolapse
• Paradoxical contraction of the puborectalis muscle
• Chronic constipation
• Attempt at manual bowel evacuation of hard stools

Symptoms and complaints:

Patients with this syndrome often have the sensation of straining during bowel movements, suffer from incomplete evacuation or a full pelvis, and may excrete blood and mucus through the rectum. Associated lesions may be single or multiple and vary in severity from mucosal erythema to ulcers to small masses.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis is usually made by clinical examination and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Sometimes a biopsy is also required for confirmation to rule out other possible causes.

Treatment:

Treatment is aimed at relieving chronic constipation and often involves the administration of bulk laxatives. In cases where rectal prolapse is present and is the cause, surgery may be required to correct the prolapse.

Summary:

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare condition that causes uncomfortable symptoms. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important to relieve discomfort and avoid complications. It is advisable to consult a doctor if this condition is suspected in order to receive the best possible treatment.